Hydrated lime, also known as calcium hydroxide, is a dry powder made from the chemical reaction of quicklime (calcium oxide, CaO) with water. Here are some key details about hydrated lime:

Chemical Formula: Ca(OH)₂

Properties:

1. Appearance: White powder.
2. Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; forms a strong alkaline solution (limewater) when dissolved.
3. pH: Highly alkaline, with a pH of around 12.4 when in solution.

Production: Made by hydrating quicklime, which is produced by heating limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO₃) in a kiln.

Uses:

1. Construction: Used in mortar, plaster, and as a soil stabilizer.
2. Water Treatment: Helps to purify water by precipitating impurities and adjusting pH levels.
3. Agriculture: Amends soil acidity and supplies calcium to crops.
4. Industrial Applications: Used in the production of various chemicals and as a filler in products like paper and plastics.

Safety: Can be irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory system; proper safety equipment should be used when handling.

Environmental Impact: Generally considered environmentally friendly when used responsibly, particularly in agricultural and water treatment applications.

Hydrated lime plays a vital role in numerous industries due to its versatility and effectiveness in various applications.